How long does it take to change cholesterol levels

Top 5 lifestyle changes to improve your cholesterol

Lifestyle changes can help improve your cholesterol — and boost the cholesterol-lowering power of medications.

By Mayo Clinic Staff

High cholesterol increases your risk of heart disease and heart attacks. Medications can help improve your cholesterol. But if you'd rather first make lifestyle changes to improve your cholesterol, try these five healthy changes.

If you already take medications, these changes can improve their cholesterol-lowering effect.

1. Eat heart-healthy foods

A few changes in your diet can reduce cholesterol and improve your heart health:

  • Reduce saturated fats. Saturated fats, found primarily in red meat and full-fat dairy products, raise your total cholesterol. Decreasing your consumption of saturated fats can reduce your low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol — the "bad" cholesterol.
  • Eliminate trans fats. Trans fats, sometimes listed on food labels as "partially hydrogenated vegetable oil," are often used in margarines and store-bought cookies, crackers and cakes. Trans fats raise overall cholesterol levels. The Food and Drug Administration has banned the use of partially hydrogenated vegetable oils by Jan. 1, 2021.
  • Eat foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids don't affect LDL cholesterol. But they have other heart-healthy benefits, including reducing blood pressure. Foods with omega-3 fatty acids include salmon, mackerel, herring, walnuts and flaxseeds.
  • Increase soluble fiber. Soluble fiber can reduce the absorption of cholesterol into your bloodstream. Soluble fiber is found in such foods as oatmeal, kidney beans, Brussels sprouts, apples and pears.
  • Add whey protein. Whey protein, which is found in dairy products, may account for many of the health benefits attributed to dairy. Studies have shown that whey protein given as a supplement lowers both LDL cholesterol and total cholesterol as well as blood pressure.

2. Exercise on most days of the week and increase your physical activity

Exercise can improve cholesterol. Moderate physical activity can help raise high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, the "good" cholesterol. With your doctor's OK, work up to at least 30 minutes of exercise five times a week or vigorous aerobic activity for 20 minutes three times a week.

Adding physical activity, even in short intervals several times a day, can help you begin to lose weight. Consider:

  • Taking a brisk daily walk during your lunch hour
  • Riding your bike to work
  • Playing a favorite sport

To stay motivated, consider finding an exercise buddy or joining an exercise group.

3. Quit smoking

Quitting smoking improves your HDL cholesterol level. The benefits occur quickly:

  • Within 20 minutes of quitting, your blood pressure and heart rate recover from the cigarette-induced spike
  • Within three months of quitting, your blood circulation and lung function begin to improve
  • Within a year of quitting, your risk of heart disease is half that of a smoker

4. Lose weight

Carrying even a few extra pounds contributes to high cholesterol. Small changes add up. If you drink sugary beverages, switch to tap water. Snack on air-popped popcorn or pretzels — but keep track of the calories. If you crave something sweet, try sherbet or candies with little or no fat, such as jelly beans.

Look for ways to incorporate more activity into your daily routine, such as using the stairs instead of taking the elevator or parking farther from your office. Take walks during breaks at work. Try to increase standing activities, such as cooking or doing yardwork.

5. Drink alcohol only in moderation

Moderate use of alcohol has been linked with higher levels of HDL cholesterol — but the benefits aren't strong enough to recommend alcohol for anyone who doesn't already drink.

If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation. For healthy adults, that means up to one drink a day for women of all ages and men older than age 65, and up to two drinks a day for men age 65 and younger.

Too much alcohol can lead to serious health problems, including high blood pressure, heart failure and strokes.

If lifestyle changes aren't enough …

Sometimes healthy lifestyle changes aren't enough to lower cholesterol levels. If your doctor recommends medication to help lower your cholesterol, take it as prescribed while continuing your lifestyle changes. Lifestyle changes can help you keep your medication dose low.

From Mayo Clinic to your inbox

Sign up for free, and stay up to date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID-19, plus expertise on managing health.

To provide you with the most relevant and helpful information, and understand which information is beneficial, we may combine your email and website usage information with other information we have about you. If you are a Mayo Clinic patient, this could include protected health information. If we combine this information with your protected health information, we will treat all of that information as protected health information and will only use or disclose that information as set forth in our notice of privacy practices. You may opt-out of email communications at any time by clicking on the unsubscribe link in the e-mail.

Sept. 02, 2022

  1. Your guide to lowering your cholesterol with TLC. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/files/docs/public/heart/chol_tlc.pdf Accessed May 22, 2018.
  2. Kumar P, et al. Lipid and metabolic disorders. In: Kumar and Clark's Clinical Medicine. 9th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Elsevier; 2017. https://clinicalkey.com. Accessed May 22, 2018.
  3. Tangney CC, et al. Lipid lowering with diet or dietary supplements. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 22, 2018.
  4. Catapano AL, et al. 2016 ESC/EAS guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemias: The task for the management of dyslipidaemias of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and European Atherosclerosis Society (EAS) developed with the special contribution of the European Association for Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitaiton (EACPR). Atherosclerosis. 2016;253:281.
  5. 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. https://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines. Accessed May 22, 2018.
  6. Final determination regarding partially hydrogenated oils (removing trans fat). U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/food/ingredientspackaginglabeling/foodadditivesingredients/ucm449162.htm. Accessed June 28, 2018.
  7. Cooking to lower cholesterol. American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/Cholesterol/PreventionTreatmentofHighCholesterol/Cooking-To-Lower-Cholesterol_UCM_305630_Article.jsp#.WwMFAVMvxmA. Accessed May 22, 2018.
  8. Fekete AA, et al. Whey protein lowers blood pressure and improves endothelial function and lipid biomarkers in adults with prehypertension and mild hypertensions: Results from the chronic Whey2Go randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2016;104:1534.
  9. Douglas PS. Exercise and fitness in the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. https://www.uptodate.com/contents.search. Accessed May 30, 2018.
  10. AskMayoExpert. Hyperlipidemia (adult). Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2018. Accessed May 22, 2018.
  11. Braun LT, et al. Effects of exercise on lipoproteins and hemostatic factors. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 30, 2018.
  12. Smoke-free living: Benefits and milestones. American Heart Association. http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/QuitSmoking/QuittingSmoking/Smoke-free-Living-Benefits-Milestones_UCM_322711_Article.jsp. Accessed May 230, 2018.
  13. Tangney CC, et al. Cardiovascular benefits and risks of moderate alcohol consumption. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/search. Accessed May 31, 2018.
  14. Bonow RO, et al., eds. Risk markers and the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. In: Braunwald's Heart Disease: A Textbook of Cardiovascular Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2019. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed May 30, 2018.

See more In-depth

See also

  1. After a flood, are food and medicines safe to use?
  2. Arcus senilis: A sign of high cholesterol?
  3. Birth control pill FAQ
  4. Cholesterol concerns? Get moving
  5. Cholesterol concerns? Lose excess pounds
  6. Cholesterol level: Can it be too low?
  7. Cholesterol medications: Consider the options
  8. Cholesterol ratio or non-HDL cholesterol: Which is most important?
  9. Cholesterol test kits: Are they accurate?
  10. Cholesterol: Top foods to improve your numbers
  11. Cholesterol-lowering supplements may be helpful
  12. Coconut oil: Can it cure hypothyroidism?
  13. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
  14. Prickly pear cactus
  15. Eggs and cholesterol
  16. Eggs: Bad for cholesterol?
  17. Fasting diet: Can it improve my heart health?
  18. Five foods to lower your cholesterol
  19. Flaxseed best when ground
  20. Hashimoto's disease
  21. HDL cholesterol: How to boost your 'good' cholesterol
  22. Herbal supplements and heart drugs
  23. High cholesterol
  24. High cholesterol in children
  25. High cholesterol treatment: Does cinnamon lower cholesterol?
  26. Hypothyroidism: Can calcium supplements interfere with treatment?
  27. Hypothyroidism diet
  28. Hypothyroidism and joint pain?
  29. Hypothyroidism: Should I take iodine supplements?
  30. Hypothyroidism symptoms: Can hypothyroidism cause eye problems?
  31. Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)
  32. Is your diet hurting your heart?
  33. Lowering Triglycerides
  34. Mediterranean diet recipes
  35. Menus for heart-healthy eating
  36. Metabolic syndrome
  37. Niacin overdose: What are the symptoms?
  38. Niacin to improve cholesterol numbers
  39. Nuts and your heart: Eating nuts for heart health
  40. Pomegranate juice: Can it lower cholesterol?
  41. Is there a risk of rhabdomyolysis from statins?
  42. Soy: Does it reduce cholesterol?
  43. Soy: Does it worsen hypothyroidism?
  44. Statin side effects
  45. Statins
  46. Statins: Do they cause ALS?
  47. Statins: Should you be on one?
  48. Trans fat: A double whammy
  49. Trans fat
  50. Trans fat substitutes: Not a slam dunk
  51. Triglycerides: Why do they matter?
  52. VLDL cholesterol: Is it harmful?
  53. Wilson's syndrome: An accepted medical diagnosis?

.

How long does it take to change cholesterol levels with diet?

Tisch Center for Women's Health at the NYU Langone Medical Center, says it can take between three to six months to see lower LDL numbers through just diet and exercise, noting that it takes longer to see changes in women than men.

What reduces cholesterol quickly?

Soluble fiber can reduce the absorption of cholesterol into your bloodstream. Soluble fiber is found in such foods as oatmeal, kidney beans, Brussels sprouts, apples and pears. Add whey protein. Whey protein, which is found in dairy products, may account for many of the health benefits attributed to dairy.

Does cholesterol fluctuate quickly?

Cholesterol levels can fluctuate as much as 10 percent from one month to another due to normal metabolism, but other factors may cause it to fluctuate as well.